Medical Surgical Nursing Bullet IV (Belajar KMB itu mudah)

? Ergotamine (Ergomar) is most effective when taken during the prodromal phase of a migraine or vascular headache.
? Treatment of acute pancreatitis includes nasogastric suctioning to decompress the stomach and meperidine (Demerol) for pain.
? Symptoms of hiatal hernia include a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen or chest, heartburn, and pain similar to that of angina pectoris.
? The incidence of cholelithiasis is higher in women who have had children than in any other group.
? Acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose can severely damage the liver.
? The prominent clinical signs of advanced cirrhosis are ascites and jaundice.
? The first symptom of pancreatitis is steady epigastric pain or left upper quadrant pain that radiates from the umbilical area or the back.
? Somnambulism is the medical term for sleepwalking.
? Epinephrine (Adrenalin) is a vasoconstrictor.
? An untreated liver laceration or rupture can progress rapidly to hypovolemic shock.
? Obstipation is extreme, intractable constipation caused by an intestinal obstruction.
? The definitive test for diagnosing cancer is biopsy with cytologic examination of the specimen.
? Arthrography requires injection of a contrast medium and can identify joint abnormalities.
? Brompton’s cocktail is prescribed to help relieve pain in patients who have terminal cancer.
? A sarcoma is a malignant tumor in connective tissue.
? Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) neutralizes gastric acid.
? Subluxation is partial dislocation or separation, with spontaneous reduction of a joint.
? Barbiturates can cause confusion and delirium in an elderly patient who has an organic brain disorder.
? In a patient with arthritis, physical therapy is indicated to promote optimal functioning.
? Some patients who have hepatitis A may be anicteric (without jaundice) and lack symptoms, but some have headaches, jaundice, anorexia, fatigue, fever, and respiratory tract infection.
? Hepatitis A is usually mild and won’t advance to a carrier state.
? In the preicteric phase of all forms of hepatitis, the patient is highly contagious.
? Enteric precautions are required for a patient who has hepatitis A.
? Cholecystography is ineffective in a patient who has jaundice as a result of gallbladder disease. The liver cells can’t transport the contrast medium to the biliary tract.
? In a patient who has diabetes insipidus, dehydration is a concern because diabetes causes polyuria.
? In a patient who has a reducible hernia, the protruding mass spontaneously retracts into the abdomen.
? To prevent purple glove syndrome, a nurse shouldn’t administer I.V. phenytoin (Dilantin) through a vein in the back of the hand, but should use a larger vessel.
? During stage III of surgical anesthesia, unconsciousness occurs and surgery is permitted.
? Types of regional anesthesia include spinal, caudal, intercostal, epidural, and brachial plexus.
? The first step in managing drug overdose or drug toxicity is to establish and maintain an airway.
? Respiratory paralysis occurs in stage IV of anesthesia (toxic stage).
? In stage I of anesthesia, the patient is conscious and tranquil.
? Dyspnea and sharp, stabbing pain that increases with respiration are symptoms of pleurisy, which can be a complication of pneumonia or tuberculosis.
? Vertigo is the major symptom of inner ear infection or disease.
? Loud talking is a sign of hearing impairment.
? A patient who has an upper respiratory tract infection should blow his nose with both nostrils open.